Door check and closer.



No. 633,0l5. Patented sept. l2, |899.

P. J. LENNART.

DUUR CHECK AND CLOSER.

(Applcatinn filed Aug. 27, 1898.) Y (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

WVM/Lewes, (jb

No. 633,015 Patented Sept. l2, |899. P. J. LENNABT.

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

(Application led Aug. 27, 1898.1 (No Modem t 3 Sheets-Sheet 2,

w: mams warms co, Mom-mme, msx-maro nv c Patented Sept. I2, |899.

P. J. LENNABT.

D UOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

(Applicatinn led Aug. 27, 1896A 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

No Model.)

IINTTED STATES PATENT FUER .I. IIENNART, OF STANFORD, CONNECTICUT.

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 633,015, datedSeptember 12, 1899.

Applicationfiled August 27,189 S.

To fr/ZZ whom, it 77mg/ concern.'

Be it known that I, PHER J. LENNART, a citizen o f theUnited States,andaresident of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State ofrConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in aCombined Door Check and Closer; and I do hereby declare the followingdescription of the invention to be su fiicien tly full, clear, and exactto enable others skilled in the art to inake and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in combined door checks and closersof the same kind as that which forms the subject-matter of my LettersPatent No. 615,074, dated Nove'mber29,1898,in which a tiuid is employedto check the door.

One object of my invention is to provide a combined door check andcloser which shall be less expensive to manufacture and more efticientinuse than thoseheretofore produced.

Another object of my invention is to provide a separate spindle-chamberfor the purpose of preventing the liquid from rising to the top andaround the loose bearing of the spindle, thus avoiding leakage. Thisleakage exists in all combined door checks and closers as heretoforemade and is due to the pressure on the liquid behind the plunger as thedoor is opened and the plunger drawn back, thereby causing the liquid toleak over the top of the plunger-chamber.

Another object of my invention is to provide a self-adjustablespring-packing or friction-ring for the head ofthe plunger whereby thechecking medium is more certainly and. positively controlled tofacilitate in a small space the application of a strong and lessexpensive spring or springs for the closing of the door and to soarrange the combination of parts as to prevent any lateral deflection ofthe spring or springs without any special and separate parts for thispurpose.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved device foradjusting the escape of the liquid and the tension of the closing springor springs.

Another object of my invention is to arrange the construction of partsso as to enable any one to reverse or, in other words, to change thedevice into a right or left hand check at will without removing thespring or springs Serial N0. 689,651. (No model.)

or disturbing any of the parts in the body of the casing.

Another object of my invention is to provide improved means by which thecheck may be secured to the lintel or arch above the door for adjustingthe connecting link or arm at any time and to a very ne degree withoutremoving either of its connecting ends,to provide improved and simplemeans for checking the force of the closing spring or springs, wherebythe door may be held open, and to provide other improvements in thedetails which contribute especially to the simplicity and durability ofthe mechanism, consisting of the devices hereinafter described, andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will describe itwith reference to the annexed drawings and to the reference-numbersmarked thereon, forminga part of this specification, the same figuresindicating the same parts or features wherever they occur.

Figure I is a top plan view of my improved combined door check andcloser and shows the position of the connecting-arms when the door isclosed, the check being secured to the door and connected with thelintel. Fig. II is a vertical transverse section of the same, taken onthe line II II, Figs. I and III, and looking in the direction of thearrow. Fig. III is a horizontal section taken on the line III III, Fig.II, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. IV is a front elevationof a modication of the combined door check and closer shown in Fig. Iand illustrating the application of the check to a position on thelintel above the door. Fig. V is a perspective view of the plunger, thesliding follower or valve, and the spring-packing or friction-ring, theparts being detached for the purpose of showing more clearly itsapplication and detail of parts. Fig. VI is a perspective Viewillustrating another moditication ofthe combineddoor check and closer,the casing being shown in section. Fig. VII is a horizontal section of amodification of the construction of parts shown in Fig. III, taken onthe line VII VII, Figs. VIII and IX, look ing in the direction of thearrow, in which I have shown the applica-tion of two springs,

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one within the other, and wound, respectively, to a right and to a lefthand pitch and pressing againsta plunger and a tube, respectively. Fig.VIII is a vertical transverse section of the same, taken on the lineVIII VIII, Fig. VII,looking in the direction of the arrow, and shows anadjustable feature for the control of the liquid which does not appearin the first figures. Fig. IX is a vertical transverse section thereof,taken on the line IX IX, Fig. VII, and looking in the direction of thearrow. Fig. X is a horizontal section of a further modification of theconstruction of parts shown in Fig. III, showing the adjustable devicesfor controlling the tension of the springs and the flow of the liquidcombined and the construction of parts, so arranged as to have theirseat at the rear end of the spring-chamber of the plunger and bothoperated by the same lever or key, thereby reducing the possibility ofleakage due to the greater pressure in front of the plunger, and alsoshowing a novel means for checking' the force of the spring, the plungerserving as a brake to prevent the door from closing. Fig. XI is a detailhorizontal section showing the plunger, rack, and pinion when in achecked position. Fig. XII is a detail horizontal section of the tubeand sleeve shown in Figs. VII and X.

l is a door-frame having a lintel l, and 2 is a door hinged to thedoor-frame and to which my improved combined check and y closer isapplied.

The casingof my improved door check and closer comprises in itsconstruction a horizontal cylindrical body 3, providing a plungerchamber3, and a vertical or transverse cylindrical projection 3b, disposed atright angles thereto and providing aspindle-chamber 3, the cylindricalbody and the cylindrical projection merging one into the other at theirmiddle portions, so that the plunger and spindle chambers open one intothe other where they cross each other. |The body is further providedwith brackets 3, whereby the casing is secured to the door 2 or to thelintel 1fL at will. The open ends of the vertical cylindricalprojections 3b extend beyond the periphery of the horizontally-diposedbody 3 of the casing. In the open ends of the vertical cylindricalprojection are seated interchangeable bearing heads or nuts 5 and (i,constructed on the same principle as shown in my Letters Patenthereinbefore referred to and in which is journaled the rotary spindle 4.The plunger-chambeiand the spindlechamber are adapted to contain liquid.The casing is preferably formed in a single piece. One end of thehorizontal body has a head 30, preferably formed in one piece therewith,while the other end of the body has an interiorly-screw-threaded openingand seat fora removable head 7, having an angular projection 7: The openends of the cylindrical projection are also interiorly screw-threaded toreceive the interchangeable removable headsor nuts 5 and 6, which alsohave angular projections 5 and 6, respectively.

S represents a circular elongated tubular plunger externally fittedwithin the plungerchamber 3 and extends across the spindlechamber, so asto cut off communication between the ends of the plunger-chamber and thespindle-chamber, and thus prevent any appreciable quantity of the liquidin the plunger-chamber from entering the spindlechamber. The plunger hasa longitudinal recess Se on its front face, which is provided with arack Sf. The rack 8 of the plunger is meshed by the teeth 4b of a pinion4, cut integrally on the vertical rotating spindle or shaft 4, locatedin the spindle-chamber 3C. The wall of the plunger is im perforatethrough its entire length and, being tubular, forms a spring-chamber S"and crosses the opening into thespindle-chamber,asheretofore stated,through which the pinion projects to engage its rack, whereby the liquidin the plungerchamber is confined and prevented from free access to thespindle-chamber. It will therefore be clear that when the device issecured in a proper position for operation the liquid in thespindle-chamber will not rise above its normal height, (indicated by theline 9 in Fig. II.) Hence there will not be any tendency for the liquidto crawl up through the bearing at the top of the spindle. j

l0 is a packing which only serves asa guard against leakage where thespindle projects through the head or nut 6 at such times as when thedevice may be stored or packed for shipment. di

The head 8 at the rear end of the plunger is provided with ports S nearits circumference, with a central screw-threaded opening 8X,and with asliding follower or valve l1, provided with a centrally-located port Iluand loosely secured to the plunger-head by a screw-threaded sleeve 12,having a head 12 and providing a tubular support, on which the slidingfollower or valve is loosely mounted, the stem 12b of the sleeve beingsufficiently long to allow the plunger to move a short distance inopening and closing the door before the follower or disk is carried withit. Thus in opening the door, by which operation the plunger is drawnback through the medium of the spindle l and connecting-arms 13 and 14,the follower or valve is Withd rawn from close contact with the head ofthe plunger to freely admit the passing of the fluid from the rear tothe front of the plunger; but in closing the door and at the return ofthe plunger the follower or valve will come in contact with the head ofthe plunger, thus closing the ports 8d, leaving the fluid confined, andits only escape is through a port l2, provided for the purpose in thesleeve 12. To

have the fluid accurately and reliably controlled, I have provided thefollower or valve with a spring-packing or friction-ring l5, whichspreads against the inner walls of the IOC) IIO

plunger-chamber, forming a tight bearing, thereby keeping the followeror valve from moving until it comes in contact with the plunger-head 8Cor the sleeve-head 12f. The ring, furthermore, forms a packing againstthe leakage of the fluid around the plunger and will expand as the partsbecome larger by use or wear, thus providing a permanently tight and anautomatically-adjustable ring, which prevents the escape of the liquidfrom in front of the plunger in closing the door through any other meansthan the port 12, provided for same.

1G represents the closing-spring extending centrally in thespring-chamber of the plunger, bearing against the head of the plungerand having its sides supported against lateral deflection by the innersurface of the plunger. Its outer end is supported on a rod 17 and bearsagainst a flange 17L thereon. The flanged rod 17 is adjustably supportedon the end of a screw-rod 13, having threaded connection with andprojecting from the head 3C of the casing. As the screw-rod is turned bya suitable lever or key 19 to give more pressure on the spring its headis drawn proportionately toward the casing. Thus it will be clear towhat extent the spring has been compressed by the projectingscrew-rod.

The adjustable link-arm 14c for connecting the main arm 13 of the rotaryspindle 4c with a bracket 21 on the door or its frame, as the case maybe, consists of two separate links and 23, connected by anadjusting-screw 2t, the ends of which have right and left hand threadsand an angular head 25 in the center for the purpose of applying a lkeyor tool and a lock-nut 26 at one end for the purpose of holding the armin its properlyadjusted position. The link-arm may be adjusted to a veryfine degree and without disconnecting either of its ends, and thechecking power in respect to the time required in closing the door, aswell as the angle at which the door will be held open, may be regulatedby this link-arm. The reason for this is that as the length ofthelinkarm is decreased the plunger is drawn back correspondingly.Consequently the teeth on the pinion will disengage the teeth on therack at a different position on the door than when the arm is longer,and less fluid will therefore be displaced in closing the door, andowing to the travel of the plunger being decreased the result will be amore rapid closing of the door. Vhen the link-arm is extended, theplunger will make a full stroke and the checking power will be increasedcorrespondingly. The main arm 13 is firmly connected at one end to thereduced squared end 4 of the spindle, its other end being looselyconnected to the adjustable link-arm 14,-, which in turn is connected tothe door or jamb, as the case may be, through the bracket 2.1. As aliquid check must in every case have its loose joint or protrudingspindie upward, owing to leakage in any other position, and to enable meto secure a liquid cheek to the lintel or arch 1 above the door 2without the use of a bracket, I have provided a curved main arm 13,reaching from the spindle above the top of the casing to a point belowthe lower face of said casing, as illustrated in the modification shownby rig. 1v.

In connection with Fig. III, I have shown the port 12C for the escape ofthe liquid from in front of the plunger as of a permanent andpredetermined size, (which may be controlled by a perforated screw-plug27,) and the check can be made to work eectually by this means; but asthe density of the liquid varies by the temperature and becomes thickerand moves slower when cold than it does when warm it is preferable to beable to adjust this port so as to permit the same quantity of liquid toescape in the same length of time under all circumstances. I willtherefore proceed to describe the device for this purpose, as shown inFigs. VII, VIII, IX, and X. t

Referring to Fig. X, 2O is a spring similar to spring 1 6, locatedinside of and wound to the opposite hand to that of the outer spring 1G,so as to permit the springs to mutually support each other. Referring toFigs. VII, VIII, and IX, said device consists of a tube 28, one end ofwhich is secured to the head 29 of the body 3 of the casing in front ofthe plunger and extends through the follower or valve 30, through thesleeve 3l, through the plunger 32 and into the main spring 1G, and isprovided with a tapered groove 28 on one side, (see Fig. XIL) the depthof which decreases near the follower end of the plungerchamber for thepurpose of gradually cutting off the escape of the liquid. 3f is-atapering groove in the body 3 for a similar purpose, (see FigL'IIL)communicating with the chamber of the plunger through an opening 8' intoone of the ports 81. On the other side'of the tube 2S are a port 23b anda port 2SC. The port 2Sb is controlled by a rod 33, located inside ofthe tube 23, said rod 33 having a groove 33n on one side, providing apassage connecting the port 23b with the interior of the tube 2S, and onits outer end is provided with a lever or key 19 for the purpose ofturning said rod to either the right or left, so as to bring the groove33 opposite the port 28, and thus form an open passage through the tubebetween the plunger-chamber 3a and springchamber 3b. It is obvious thatif the rod is turned so as to bring the groove 33 directly opposite theport 2Sb the passage for the flow of the liquid will be at its fullcapacity; but by turning the rod so that the port 231 in the tube ispartly or altogether cut oit by IIO the full face of the rod 33 the flowof liquid will be decreased or altogether cutoff, and thus regulate theescape of the liquid and control the closing of the door. To make thecheck secure from leakage, I have arranged the device so that it can beadjusted from the rear of the plunger, where the liquid is not undersuch heavy strain, as the large ports 8d are always open when moved inthis direction. Neither will this point be subject to extraordinarypressure due to draft` and therefore it will be less liable to leakage,and it can be easily and securely packed. Other advantages in connectionwith the rod and tube running through the entire length of theplunger-chamber are that said rod can be utilized to support the innerspring 2O from deflection, can be also used for adjusting the tension ofthe springs, as shown in Figs. VII and X, by having said rodscrew-threaded at an intermediate point, and the flanged tube 34,supporting one end of the springs I6 and 20, fitted onto thescrew-threaded part. It is evident that the rod 33 can be turned anumber of times for adj ustingy the tension of the springs and still bein proper position for regulating the escape of the checking fluid byhaving the lever or key 19 point at a certain predetermined angle, asthe tube 28 will be locked by a slot 2Sd with the head 29 by anintegrally-formed pin 293. In Fig. X, I have also shown a simple deviceby which the door may be held open, and it consists in the spindle 4d,having a peripheral blank projection 4e not having any teeth thereon.This difference, although slight from that shown in Fig. III, is ofgreat importance, inasmuchas the rack-segment 4f will disengage with therack SiL after having turned partly around and withdrawn the plungersufciently to admit the fluid to the front of same, and in thisposition, as shown in Fig. XI, one tooth of the rack Will traverse theperipheral face of the spindle 4d, which enters the depression Se of theplunger-wall, and due to the tension of the springs 16 and 20 on theplunger 8 will form a brake, preventing the door from closing untilassisted by a force from the outside, such as a pull or push by thehand, until the spindle has reached the position Where the rack-segment4f or the teeth cut in one part of its periphery will rengage the teethof the rack, when the plunger will be free to operate and the door willbe closed by the spring or springs. By this device it will be clear thatthe motion of the plunger will be decreased, which will reduce thestrain on the spring and yet permit the spindle to turn and allow thedoor to swing wide open. It will thus be clear that Fig. X shows anillustration of a complete and practical combination possessing cogencyin all the features of door-checks and closers by a simple constructionof a few number of parts reliable in its operation` and perfect securityagainst leakage of the liquid.

Although I prefer to have the spindlechamber provided withinterchangeable nuts at top and bottom as support and bearing for thespindle, as set forth in my former patent hereinbefore referred to andas shown in Fig. II, it is obvious that the bottoni may be cast solidwith the casing, as shown in Fig.

IX, in which case the check will not be r'eversible, but would operateto the hand to which it is made equally well. Therefore I do not limitmyself to the particular form, but consider myself privileged to useeither construction in connection with the spindlechamber.

The mode of operation is as follows: As the door is opened the plungeris drawn back through the intermediate spindle and connecting arms, thespring or springs cornpressed, and the liquid in the plunger-chamberadmitted to the front end, and as the door is released the closingspring or springs will force the plunger forward, closing the ports Sdby contact with the follower or valve 11. Thus the confined liquid willform a cushion and make its escape slowly through the port 12C, thusgently closing the door.

Although I have described the device as a liquid-check and prefer thedetails and arrangement of parts as set forth, it is obvious that anyiiuid, such as air, may be used, and that slight changes may be made inthe construction of such parts as the spindle-chamber, the ports for theliquid to escape from in front of the plunger, and the packing spring orsprings may be made of round or some other form of wire without changingthe combina' tion or departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A combined door check and closer conlprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal cylindrical body providing a plunger-chamber, and witha transverse cylindrical projection providing a verticalspindle-chamber, the plunger-chamber and the spindle-chamber beingmerged one into the other, a hollow valved plunger, closely fitting inthe plungerchamber, providing a spring-chamber, and having a rack, and arecess for the rack on the outer circumference of the plunger, andextending across the spindle-chamber and cutting off communicationbetween the ends of the plunger-chamber and the spindle-chamber wherebythe liquid in the former is prevented from having free access to thelatter, a rotary spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and aclosing-spring; substantially as described.

2. A combined door check and closer, com- IOO IIO

prising a casing constructed with a horizontal ber, a follower having acentral port, a head ed sleeve whereby the follower is secured to thehead of the plunger, a rotary spindle having teeth meshing with therack, and a closingspring; substantially as described.

3. A door-check comprising in its construction a spring-actuatedplunger, a spindle operatively connected with the plunger, a headloosely mounted on the plunger and adapted to slide thereon, and meansfor permitting the liquid to escape past the sliding head; substantiallyas described.

4t. A combined door check and closer comprising a plunger constructedwith a head having ports, a sliding follower or valve having a port, andadapted to control the passage of tiuid through the head, and meanswhereby the follower or valve is loosely connected with the head;substantially as described.

5. A combined door check and closer comprisin g a plunger constructedwith a head having ports near its circumference, and a central opening,a sliding follower or valve having a central opening, and a tubularsupport connected with the central opening of the head, and on which thefollower or valve is loosely mounted; substantially as described.

G. A combined door check and closer comprisin g a plunger constructedwith a head having ports near its circumference and a screwthreadedcentral opening, a sliding follower or valve having a central opening,and a screwthreaded sleeve having a head and adjustably connected withthe central opening of the head of the plunger; the follower or valvebeing loosely mounted on the sleeve; substantially as described.

7. A combined door check and closer comprising a casin g having ahorizontal body providing a plunger-chamber, and a transverse projectionproviding a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollow plunger providing aspringchamber and formed with a head having ports, and with a rack, andclosely fitting in the plunger-chamber, the headed sleeve secured to thehead of the plunger, the followerhaving a central port, andfriction-ringand playing between the head of the plunger and the head of the sleeve,a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and a closing-spring;substantially as described.

S. A combined door check and closer comprising a casin g havin g ahorizon tal body providing a plunger-chamber, and a transverseprojection providing a vertical spin dle-chamber, a hollow plungerproviding a springchamber and formed with a head and with a rack, andclosely fitting in the plunger-chamber, the tube having ports, andextending through the head of the plunger, the headed sleeve, thefollower, the rotatable rod having a longitudinal recess, a spindlehaving teeth meshing with the rack, and a closing-spring; substantiallyas described.

9. A combined door check and closer comprising a casinghavingahorizontal body providing a plunger-chamber, and a transverseprojection providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollow plungerproviding a springchamber and formed with a head and with a rack andclosely fitting in the plunger-chamber, the tube having a longitudinalgroove and a port, and extending through the head of the plunger, therotatable screw-threaded rod having a longitudinal recess, an adjustablescrew-threaded fianged tube, mounted on the rod, a closing-spring, meansfor rotating the rod to adjust the tube and spring and a spindle havingteeth meshing with the rack; substantially as described.

lO. A combined door check and closer comprising a casing, aspindle, acurved main arm extending from the spindle above the casing to a pointbelow the casing, a bracket and a connecting-arm providing a hingedconnection between the main arm and the bracket; substantially asdescribed.

ll. A combined door check and closer comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body providing a plunger-chamber and with a transverseprojection providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollow plungerclosely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a rack and providinga spring-chamber, and extending across the spindle-chamber and cuttingoif communication between the ends of the plunger-chamber and thespindle-chamber, a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and aclosing-spring extending from one end of the plunger chamber int-o thespring-chamber of th'e plunger; substantially as described.

l2. A combined door check and closer,comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body, providing a plunger-chamber and with atransverse projection providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollowplunger closely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed with alongitudinal recess on its outer circumference and with a rack locatedin the recess, and providing a spring-chamber, and extending across thespindle-chamber and cutting off communication between the ends of theplunger-ch amber and the spindle-chamber, a spindle having teeth meshingwith the rack, and a closing-spring; substantially as described.

13. 'A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body, providing a plunger-chamber, and with atransverse projection providing a vertical spindle-cham ber, a hollowplunger closely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a rack andproviding a spring-chamber, and extending across the spindle-chamber andcutting off communication between the ends of the plunger-chamber andthe spindle-chamber, a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, aclosing-spring extending from one end of the pl ringer-chamber into thespring-chamber of the plunger, a rod supporting the spring and having aiiange against which the end of the spring is adapted to bear, and

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means whereby the rod is adjusted to control the tension ofthe spring;substantially as described.

14. A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body, providing a plu nger-chamber, and with atransverse projection providing a vertical lspintile-ehamber, a hollowplunger closely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a rack andproviding a spring-chamber, and extending across the spindle-chamber andcutting off com munication between the ends of the plunger-chamber andthe spindle-chamber, a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, aclosing-spring extending from one end ofthe plu nger-chamber into thespring-chamber of the plunger, a screw-threaded rod supporting one endof the spring, an adjustable screw-threaded tube provided with a angeagainstwhich the end of the spring is adapted to bear, and means wherebythe rod is rotated and the flanged tube adjusted to control the tensionof the spring; substantially as described.

15. A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body providing a plunger-chamber and with atransverseprojection providing a vertical spim'lle-chamber, a hollow plungerclosely tting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a head having portsand with a rack, and providing a spring chamber, and extending acrossthe spindle-chamber and cutting oft' communication between the ends ofthe plunger-chamber and the spindle-chamber, a follower having a port,means whereby the follower is loosely connected with the head of theplunger, a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and aclosing-spring extending from one end of the plunger-chamber into thespring-chamber of the plunger; substantially as described.

1G. A combined door check and closer coinprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body, providing a plunger-chamber and with atransverse projection providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollowplunger closely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a head andhaving ports, and with a rack and providing a spring-chamber andextending across the spindle-chamber and cutting off communicationbetween the ends of the plunger-chamber, and the spindle-chamber, afollower having a port, a screw-threaded sleeve whereby the follower isadj ustably and loosely connected with the head of the plunger, aspindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and a closing-springextending from one end of the plunger-chamber into thespring-chamberoftheplunger; substantiallyas described.

17 A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body providing a plunger-chamber and with a transverseprojection providing a vertical vspindle-chamber, a hollow plungerclosely fitting in the plunger-chamber, formed witha head having portsand with a rack, and pro vidinga spring-chamberand extendingacross thespindle-chamberand cuttingoftcommunication between the ends of theplunger-chamber and thespindle-chamber,a followerhaving a port, and aspring-packing or friction-ring surrounding the follower, means wherebythe follower is loosely connected with the head of the plunger, aspindle having teeth meshing with the rack and a closing-springextending from one end of the plunger-chamber into the spring-chamber ofthe plunger; substantially as described.

1S. A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body, providing a plunger-chamber, and with atransverse project-ion providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollowplunger closely fitting in the ends of the plungerchamber, formed with ahead having ports and with a rack and providing a spring-chamber, andextending across the spindle-chamber and cutting ott communicationbetween the ends of the plunger-chamber and the spindle-chainber, afollower having a port, a sleeve whereby the follower is looselyconnected with the head of the plunger, a tube having agradually-deepening groove at one side and extending through the sleeve,a spindle having teeth meshing with the rack, and a closing-springextending from one end of the plunger-chamber into the 'spring-chamberot' the plunger; substantially as described.

19. A combined door check and closer, comprising a casing constructedwith a horizontal body providing a plu nger-chamber, and with atransverse projection providing a vertical spindle-chamber, a hollowplunger closely f1tting in the plunger-chamber, formed with a headhaving ports and with a rack and providing a spri ng-chamber,andextending across the spindle-chamber and cutting ott' communicationbetween the ends of the plunger-chamber and the spindle-chamber, afollower having a port, a sleeve whereby the follower is looselyconnected with the head of the plunger, a tube having ports on oppositesides of the plu nger-head, and extending through the sleeve, a rodhaving alongitudinal recess and extending into the tube for controllingthe passage of the liquid through the port of the latter communicatingwith the spring-chamber, a spindlehaving teeth meshing with the rack,and a closing-spring extending from one end of the plunger-chamber intothe springchamber of the plunger; substantially as described.

HER J. LENNART.

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